谁和Marguerite-Catherine Haynault约会过?

  • Louis XV of France 日期为 Marguerite-Catherine Haynault,从 ? 到 ?. 年龄差距为 26 年 6 个月零 27 天.

Marguerite-Catherine Haynault

Marguerite-Catherine Haynault

Marguerite-Catherine Haynault (1736–1823) was a French noblewoman, mistress to Louis XV from 1759 to 1762. She was the king's Petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress), not his Maîtresse-en-titre (official mistress).

She was born in Paris as the daughter of the tobacco merchant Jean-Baptiste Haynault and Catherine Coupris de La Salle. In 1759, she was recruited to be a petite maîtresse (unofficial mistress) of the king in Parc-aux-Cerfs by Dominique Guillaume Lebel.

She served as the king's lover with Lucie-Madeleine d'Estaing, who lived in the Parc-aux-Cerfs at the same time and alternated with her, one replacing the other in the king's bed during their pregnancies; Louise-Jeanne Tiercelin de La Colleterie was also housed there, while Anne Couppier de Romans had refused and was given her own house. She had two daughters with the king: Agnès-Louise de Montreuil (born 1760) and Anne-Louise de La Réale (born 1762), who were officially registered with two officers as fathers. Her daughters were both taken from her, raised in the convent school Chaillot, and given noble status, dowries and arranged marriages with noblemen as adults.

The king discontinued their relationship in 1762, and she was awarded a pension. In 1766, she married Blaise Arod, Marquis de Montmelas-Saint-Sorlin (d. 1815).

She left France during the French Revolution and lived abroad during the Reign of Terror. After the fall of Maximilien Robespierre, she returned to France, applied to be removed from the list of emigres and reclaimed her property.

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Louis XV of France

Louis XV of France

路易十五(法語:Louis XV;1710年2月15日—1774年5月10日),被称作「被喜爱者」le Bien-Aimé),作为法国国王在1715年-1774年期间执政。他神奇地延续着整个濒死的家庭,他执政的早期受到法国人民的拥戴。但是,他无力改革法国君主制和欧洲的绥靖主义,使他大失民心,导致他成为了法国最不得人心的国王之一。

路易十五為太阳王路易十四之曾孙,其父亲為路易十四之长孙法兰西的路易。1712年,麻疹夺去了他父母和哥哥的性命,路易十五也遭感染,幸好女家庭教师文塔杜瓦公爵夫人(Madame de Ventadour)挽救了他的生命。路易十五很敬仰他的曾祖父路易十四,称他为“我亲爱的国王爸爸”。太阳王過世前召见了他,且给予其最后的忠告,即少战事,要做一个关心人民疾苦的温和国王,这令他非常感动。

和他的曾祖父一样,路易十五5岁便登基,当时的摄政王為堂叔公奥尔良公爵菲利普二世。1725年9月5日,路易十五(時年15岁)与前波兰公主玛丽·莱什琴斯卡(22岁)结婚,他们共育有八女二子。从1726年到1743年,是他执政期间最繁荣太平的时期。1734年,他有了第一个情妇,之后还有龐巴度夫人、杜巴利伯爵夫人等。

路易十五执政后期,生活靡烂,路易十四时期遗留的经济问题也没有得到良好解决。虽然幼年时期大难不死逃过一劫,但他最终还是没能逃过疾病的折磨,于1774年死于天花。

路易十五是法国历史上極具矛盾性格的国王。尽管常受到史学家們的批評,但同時一些现代研究又表示,他实际上对统治欧洲最大王国的任务是非常聪明和具有热忱的。可惜他的优柔寡断,加上他了解他所面对问题的复杂性和他的内心的胆怯,都掩藏在一张专横国王的面具之后,导致在他统治期间造成了不良的结果。用许多方面来看,路易十五预见到19世纪中产阶级和浪漫主义的统治:虽然他以曾祖父路易十四为榜样,尽职地充当国王的角色,实际上对于路易十五没有什么能比得上远离盛典和仪式的私人生活。尤其当他还是婴儿的时候就失去了母亲,造成他渴望母性的個性。他设法获取女性的亲密陪伴,这让他备受世人诋毁,即使在他过世后也没有停歇。

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