谁和玛丽·安托瓦内特约会过?

玛丽·安托瓦内特

玛丽·安托瓦内特

瑪麗-安東妮‧約瑟芬‧珍妮‧德‧哈布斯堡-洛林(法語:Marie-Antoinette Josèphe Jeanne de Habsbourg-Lorraine,德語:Maria Antonia Josefa Johanna von Habsburg-Lothringen,1755年11月2日—1793年10月16日),簡稱瑪麗-安東妮(法語:Marie-Antoinette),於1755年11月2日出生於奧地利維也納,於1793年10月16日被送上斷頭台,在巴黎的革命廣場被處決。她自1774年至1791年間為法國和納瓦拉的王后,1791年至1792年間則為「法國人之王后」。她是舊制度下的最後一位王后。

她是奧地利的大公、神聖羅馬帝國的皇室公主、匈牙利與波希米亞的王室公主,也是奧地利女皇瑪麗亞·特蕾莎與神聖羅馬帝國皇帝神聖羅馬皇帝法蘭茲一世的倒數第二個孩子,也是最小的女兒。

她於1770年與法國王太子路易-奧古斯特結婚,當時年僅十四歲,因此成為法國的王太子妃。她的丈夫後來成為法國國王路易十六,於1774年登基,而她也隨之成為法國王后。婚後八年,她誕下長女瑪麗-泰蕾茲,是四個孩子中的第一個。她後來因被指與法國敵國(特別是她的故國奧地利)關係密切而失去民心,再加上「項鍊事件」──雖然她並未涉案,實為宮廷中人受騙的一場離奇詐騙事件──更加重了她的惡名。她被冠上如「奧地利女人」(l'Autrichienne)、「赤字夫人」(Madame Déficit)等貶義稱號。與她的丈夫一樣,她不喜歡宮廷生活的束縛,偏愛獨處時光,特別是在凡爾賽宮的王后村莊(hameau de la Reine)。

法國大革命初期,她與王室成員一同被安置在杜樂麗宮內接受軟禁。1791年一家人企圖逃往瓦雷訥失敗,連帶她在第一反法同盟戰爭中的角色,也使她的聲望更加惡化。1792年,王室被囚禁於巴黎聖殿監獄,法國君主制度也被廢除。隨著路易十六於1793年1月21日被處決,王后也於同年10月14日被送上革命法庭受審。兩天後,她因「叛國罪」被判處死刑,年僅37歲。後世將她視為一位兼具魅力與悲劇色彩的全球性歷史偶像。

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Axel von Fersen the Younger

Axel von Fersen the Younger

Hans Axel von Fersen (Swedish: [hɑːns ˈǎksɛl fɔn ˈfæ̌ʂːɛn]; 4 September 1755 – 20 June 1810), also known as Axel von Fersen the Younger and as Axel de Fersen in France, was a Swedish count, military officer, courtier, ambassador, Marshal and Lord of the Realm. He gained international renown for his close association with Queen Marie Antoinette of France and his prominent involvement in the French Revolution.

Born into one of Sweden’s wealthiest and most influential noble families, von Fersen was raised in an environment shaped by French culture and courtly traditions. He received a thorough military education, travelled extensively throughout Europe, and served as an aide-de-camp in the French Army during the American Revolutionary War. He is most widely remembered for his close and often debated relationship with Marie Antoinette, which some historians believe developed into a romantic affair. Von Fersen became a trusted confidant of the French royal family and played a pivotal role in organizing and executing their ill-fated flight to Varennes in June 1791.

Following the outbreak of the French Revolution and the execution of the royal family, von Fersen continued to act as a diplomat on behalf of Kings Gustav III and Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden, working to preserve ties with the French monarchy and support its restoration. Returning to Sweden in the 1790s, he held several high-ranking positions, including Marshal of the Realm and Chancellor of Uppsala University. His life came to a violent end in June 1810, when he was killed by a lynch mob in Stockholm amid false rumors implicating him in the sudden death of Charles August, Crown Prince of Sweden. Subsequent investigations cleared him of all suspicion, and he was buried with honor. Von Fersen’s life—particularly his ties to Marie Antoinette—has been widely portrayed in historical and fictional works, including films, television series, and stage productions.

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玛丽·安托瓦内特 及其(未婚)伴侣的父亲: